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Brain Surgery for USN&WR (121 images)

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  • San Francisco, California, January 5, 2011 -Linda Sharp takes her medication to help manage the symptoms of her Parkinson's disease in her hotel suite the night before her Interventional MRI (or iMRI) surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. She says she has to take medicine every three hours. Ms. Sharp was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease about ten years ago and has steadily seen her condition decline. She says that she read everything she could on the subject and decided to try the iMRI at the suggestion of her neurologist, Dr. Chad Christine, a doctor at UCSF. Her PD has progressed to a point where the movement disturbances could no longer be alleviated with medication. She says she is hopeful about the surgery. "I just want my quality of life back." She added that she misses going out to dinner with her husband, taking walks along the beach where she lives and being able to read before going to bed. The procedure does not cure the disease, but should alleviate the symptoms for 7-10 years giving Ms. Sharp the opportunity to regain some of these simple pleasures. ..The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate.

  • San Francisco, California, January 5, 2011 - A portrait of Linda Sharp in her hotel suite the night before her Interventional MRI (or iMRI) surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. Ms. Sharp was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease about ten years ago and has steadily seen her condition decline. She says that she read everything she could on the subject and decided to try the iMRI at the suggestion of her neurologist, Dr. Chad Christine, a doctor at UCSF. Her PD has progressed to a point where the movement disturbances could no longer be alleviated with medication. She says she is hopeful about the surgery. "I just want my quality of life back." She added that she misses going out to dinner with her husband, taking walks along the beach where she lives and being able to read before going to bed. The procedure does not cure the disease, but should alleviate the symptoms for 7-10 years giving Ms. Sharp the opportunity to regain some of these simple pleasures. ..The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time.

  • San Francisco, California, January 5, 2011 - A portrait of Linda Sharp in her hotel suite the night before her Interventional MRI (or iMRI) surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. Ms. Sharp was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease about ten years ago and has steadily seen her condition decline. She says that she read everything she could on the subject and decided to try the iMRI at the suggestion of her neurologist, Dr. Chad Christine, a doctor at UCSF. Her PD has progressed to a point where the movement disturbances could no longer be alleviated with medication. She says she is hopeful about the surgery. "I just want my quality of life back." She added that she misses going out to dinner with her husband, taking walks along the beach where she lives and being able to read before going to bed. The procedure does not cure the disease, but should alleviate the symptoms for 7-10 years giving Ms. Sharp the opportunity to regain some of these simple pleasures. ..The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time.

  • San Francisco, California, January 5, 2011 - A portrait of Linda Sharp in her hotel suite the night before her Interventional MRI (or iMRI) surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. Ms. Sharp was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease about ten years ago and has steadily seen her condition decline. She says that she read everything she could on the subject and decided to try the iMRI at the suggestion of her neurologist, Dr. Chad Christine, a doctor at UCSF. Her PD has progressed to a point where the movement disturbances could no longer be alleviated with medication. She says she is hopeful about the surgery. "I just want my quality of life back." She added that she misses going out to dinner with her husband, taking walks along the beach where she lives and being able to read before going to bed. The procedure does not cure the disease, but should alleviate the symptoms for 7-10 years giving Ms. Sharp the opportunity to regain some of these simple pleasures. ..The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time.

  • San Francisco, California, January 5, 2011 - A portrait of Linda Sharp in her hotel suite the night before her Interventional MRI (or iMRI) surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. Ms. Sharp was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease about ten years ago and has steadily seen her condition decline. She says that she read everything she could on the subject and decided to try the iMRI at the suggestion of her neurologist, Dr. Chad Christine, a doctor at UCSF. Her PD has progressed to a point where the movement disturbances could no longer be alleviated with medication. She says she is hopeful about the surgery. "I just want my quality of life back." She added that she misses going out to dinner with her husband, taking walks along the beach where she lives and being able to read before going to bed. The procedure does not cure the disease, but should alleviate the symptoms for 7-10 years giving Ms. Sharp the opportunity to regain some of these simple pleasures. ..The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time.

  • San Francisco, California, January 5, 2011 - A portrait of Linda Sharp in her hotel suite the night before her Interventional MRI (or iMRI) surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. Ms. Sharp was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease about ten years ago and has steadily seen her condition decline. She says that she read everything she could on the subject and decided to try the iMRI at the suggestion of her neurologist, Dr. Chad Christine, a doctor at UCSF. Her PD has progressed to a point where the movement disturbances could no longer be alleviated with medication. She says she is hopeful about the surgery. "I just want my quality of life back." She added that she misses going out to dinner with her husband, taking walks along the beach where she lives and being able to read before going to bed. The procedure does not cure the disease, but should alleviate the symptoms for 7-10 years giving Ms. Sharp the opportunity to regain some of these simple pleasures. ..The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time.

  • San Francisco, California, January 5, 2011 - A portrait of Linda Sharp in her hotel suite the night before her Interventional MRI (or iMRI) surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. Ms. Sharp was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease about ten years ago and has steadily seen her condition decline. She says that she read everything she could on the subject and decided to try the iMRI at the suggestion of her neurologist, Dr. Chad Christine, a doctor at UCSF. Her PD has progressed to a point where the movement disturbances could no longer be alleviated with medication. She says she is hopeful about the surgery. "I just want my quality of life back." She added that she misses going out to dinner with her husband, taking walks along the beach where she lives and being able to read before going to bed. The procedure does not cure the disease, but should alleviate the symptoms for 7-10 years giving Ms. Sharp the opportunity to regain some of these simple pleasures. ..The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - A nurse cleans the MRI table in preparation for surgery of patient Linda Sharp. Ms. Sharp was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease about ten years ago and has steadily seen her condition decline. She says that she read everything she could on the subject and decided to try the iMRI at the suggestion of her neurologist, Dr. Chad Christine, a doctor at UCSF. Her PD has progressed to a point where the movement disturbances could no longer be alleviated with medication. She says she is hopeful about the surgery. "I just want my quality of life back." She added that she misses going out to dinner with her husband, taking walks along the beach where she lives and being able to read before going to bed. The procedure does not cure the disease, but should alleviate the symptoms for 7-10 years giving Ms. Sharp the opportunity to regain some of these simple pleasures. ..The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - Dr. Philip Starr, neurosurgeon (standing left) adjusts the head of patient Linda Sharp prior to her iMRI surgery. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson and Philip Starr were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this technique at UCSF. Working with Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology, Jill Ostrem MD in the Department of Neurology, and others, they developed a technique of implantation using a modified but commercially available skull-mounted aiming device and custom-made, MR-compatible surgical instruments. In 2008, Larson, Starr, and Martin partnered with the medical device company SurgiVision to develop new technologies for the iMRI DBS technique. This includes an MRI-compatible, skull-mounted aiming device and MR coils specifically designed to provide optimal imaging during surgery.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - Dr. Philip Starr, neurosurgeon (fourth from right) and Dr. Paul Larson MD (second from right) oversee the preparation of patient Linda Sharp prior to her iMRI surgery. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Larson and Starr were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this technique at UCSF. Working with Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology, Jill Ostrem MD in the Department of Neurology, and others, they developed a technique of implantation using a modified but commercially available skull-mounted aiming device and custom-made, MR-compatible surgical instruments. In 2008, Larson, Starr, and Martin partnered with the medical device company SurgiVision to develop new technologies for the iMRI DBS technique. This includes an MRI-compatible, skull-mounted aiming device and MR coils specifically designed to provide optimal imaging during surgery.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - From left, Dr. Ellen Air, a clinical fellow, and University of California San Francisco Medical Center neurosurgeon Dr. Philip Starr listen to a question from Dr. Alexander Papanastassiou, a visiting doctor from the University Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, during the iMRI surgery of patient Linda Sharp at UCSF Medical Center. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - From left, Dr. Ellen Air, a clinical fellow, and University of California San Francisco Medical Center neurosurgeon Dr. Philip Starr look at real time scans of patient Linda Sharp during her iMRI surgery at UCSF Medical Center. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson and Philip Starr were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this technique at UCSF. Working with Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology, Jill Ostrem MD in the Department of Neurology, and others, they developed a technique of implantation using a modified but commercially available skull-mounted aiming device and custom-made, MR-compatible surgical instruments.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco Medical Center neurosurgeon Dr. Philip Starr (right) and SurgiVision Clinical Engineering Manager Geoffrey Bates discuss real time scans of patient Linda Sharp during her iMRI surgery at UCSF Medical Center. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson and Philip Starr were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this technique at UCSF. Working with Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology, Jill Ostrem MD in the Department of Neurology, and others, they developed a technique of implantation using a modified but commercially available skull-mounted aiming device and custom-made, MR-compatible surgical instruments.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco Medical Center neurosurgeon Dr. Philip Starr (left) prepares to drill into the skull patient Linda Sharp while clinical fellow Dr. Ellen Air has her headlamp adjusted during an iMRI surgery at UCSF Medical Center. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson and Philip Starr were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this technique at UCSF. Working with Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology, Jill Ostrem MD in the Department of Neurology, and others, they developed a technique of implantation using a modified but commercially available skull-mounted aiming device and custom-made, MR-compatible surgical instruments.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - From left, University of California San Francisco neurosurgeon Dr. Philip Starr and clinical fellow Dr. Ellen Air drill two holes into the skull of patient Linda Sharp during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while Dr. Alexander Papanastassiou (right), a visiting doctor from the University Texas Health Science Center San Antonio observes. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - From left, University of California San Francisco neurosurgeon Dr. Philip Starr and clinical fellow Dr. Ellen Air drill two holes into the skull of patient Linda Sharp during an iMRI surgery at UCSF Medical Center. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - From left, University of California San Francisco neurosurgeon Dr. Philip Starr and visiting fellow Dr. Ellen Air drill two holes into the skull of patient Linda Sharp during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - Seated from left, University of California San Francisco neurosurgeon Dr. Philip Starr and clinical fellow Dr. Ellen Air drill two holes into the skull of patient Linda Sharp during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - Surgical instruments used for patient Linda Sharp during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - Dr. Alexander Papanastassiou (center standing), a visiting doctor from the University Texas Health Science Center San Antonio observes University of California San Francisco neurosurgeon Dr. Philip Starr (left) and clinical fellow Dr. Ellen Air as they drill two holes into the skull of patient Linda Sharp during an iMRI surgery at UCSF Medical Center. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco neurosurgeon Dr. Philip Starr (left) and clinical fellow Dr. Ellen Air attach two SurgiVision SmartFrame(TM) bases to the skull of patient Linda Sharp during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point...The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco neurosurgeon Dr. Philip Starr is handed two SurgiVision SmartFrame(TM) towers that will be used for patient Linda Sharp during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point...The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco neurosurgeon Dr. Philip Starr attaches two SurgiVision SmartFrame(TM) bases to the skull of patient Linda Sharp during an iMRI surgery at UCSF Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point...The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - Clinical fellow Dr. Ellen Air attaches a SurgiVision SmartFrame(TM) towers that will be used for patient Linda Sharp during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point...The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - A reflection of University of California San Francisco neurosurgeon Dr. Philip Starr as he reviews real time scans of patient Linda Sharp during an iMRI surgery at UCSF Medical Center while. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself.

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - A reflection of University of California San Francisco neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD as he reviews real time scans of patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this technique at UCSF. Working with Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology, Jill Ostrem MD in the Department of Neurology, and others, they developed a technique of implantation using a modified but commercially available skull-mounted aiming device and custom-made, MR-compatible surgical instruments. In 2008, Larson, Starr, an

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - From left, SurgiVision Clinical Engineering Manager Geoffrey Bates and University of California San Francisco chief resident Mark Richardson observe real time scans of patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this technique at UCSF. Working with Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology, Jill Ostrem MD in the Department of Neurology, and others, they developed a technique of implantation using a modified but commercially available skull-mounted aiming device and custom-made, MR-compatible surgi

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - From left, Dr. Alexander Papanastassiou, a visiting doctor from the University Texas Health Science Center San Antonio observes University of California San Francisco neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD and visiting fellow Dr. Ellen Air as they use two SmartFrame(TM) color coded hand controllers to guide the trajectory of the electrodes to be placed into the skull of patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point...The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - A view of the top of the head of patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. Attached to her head are two SurgiVision SmartFrame(TM) Devices that are being used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of her brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point. Ms. Sharpe was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease about ten years ago and has steadily seen her condition decline. She says that she read everything she could on the subject and decided to try the iMRI at the suggestion of her neurologist, Dr. Chad Christine, a doctor at UCSF. Her PD has progressed to a point where the movement disturbances could no longer be alleviated with medication. She says she is hopeful about the surgery. "I just want my quality of life back." She added that she misses going out to dinner with her husband, taking walks along the beach where she lives and being able to read before going to bed. The procedure does not cure the disease, but should alleviate the symptoms for 7-10 years giving Ms. Sharpe the opportunity to regain some of these simple pleasures. ..The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Park

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco Medical Center staff (from left), chief resident Mark Richardson, Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology and neurologist Paul Larson MD monitor the iMRI procedure of patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this technique at UCSF. Working with Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology, Jill Ostrem MD in the Department of Neurology, and others, they developed a technique of implantation using a modified but commercially available skull-mounted aiming

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - A view of patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point. Ms. Sharpe was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease about ten years ago and has steadily seen her condition decline. She says that she read everything she could on the subject and decided to try the iMRI at the suggestion of her neurologist, Dr. Chad Christine, a doctor at UCSF. Her PD has progressed to a point where the movement disturbances could no longer be alleviated with medication. She says she is hopeful about the surgery. "I just want my quality of life back." She added that she misses going out to dinner with her husband, taking walks along the beach where she lives and being able to read before going to bed. The procedure does not cure the disease, but should alleviate the symptoms for 7-10 years giving Ms. Sharpe the opportunity to regain some of these simple pleasures. ..The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a f

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - From left, Dr. Alexander Papanastassiou (standing), a visiting doctor from the University Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, chief resident Mark Richardson, Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology and neurologist Paul Larson MD monitor the iMRI procedure of patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this technique at UCSF. Working with Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology, Jill Ostrem MD in the Department of Neurology, and others, they developed a technique of implantation using a

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco Medical Center's Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology monitors the iMRI procedure of patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this technique at UCSF. Working with Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology, Jill Ostrem MD in the Department of Neurology, and others, they developed a technique of implantation using a modified but commercially available skull-mounted aiming device and custom-made, MR-compatible surgical instruments. In 2008, Larson, S

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - From left, University of California San Francisco Medical Center neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD and Dr. Ellen Air, a visiting fellow, look at real time scans of patient Linda Sharpe during her iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this technique at UCSF. Working with Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology, Jill Ostrem MD in the Department of Neurology, and others, they developed a technique of implantation using a modified but commercially available skull-mounted aiming device and custom-made, MR-compatible surgical in

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - From left, University of California San Francisco Medical Center neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD and Dr. Ellen Air, a visiting fellow, look at real time scans of patient Linda Sharpe during her iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this technique at UCSF. Working with Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology, Jill Ostrem MD in the Department of Neurology, and others, they developed a technique of implantation using a modified but commercially available skull-mounted aiming device and custom-made, MR-compatible surgical in

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD (right) makes adjustments to a SmartFrame(TM) color coded hand controller using real time MRI brain scans of patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point...The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD (right) makes adjustments to a SmartFrame(TM) color coded hand controller using real time MRI brain scans of patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point...The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - Surgical instruments used for patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center. The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this technique at UCSF. Working with Alastair Martin PhD in the Department of Radiology, Jill Ostrem MD in the Department of Neurology, and others, they developed a technique of implantation using a modified but commercially available skull-mounted aiming device and custom-made, MR-compatible surgical instruments. In 2008, Larson, Starr, and Martin partnered with the medical device company SurgiVision to develop new technologies for the iM

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD (center) discusses real time brain scans with Dr. Alexander Papanastassiou (left), a visiting doctor from the University Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, for patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point...The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development in the 19

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD (right) makes adjustments to a SmartFrame(TM) color coded hand controller using real time MRI brain scans of patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point...The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD (right) discusses real time brain scans with Dr. Alexander Papanastassiou (seated), a visiting doctor from the University Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, and Dr. Ellen Air (center), a visiting fellow, for patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point...The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD (right) discusses real time brain scans with Dr. Alexander Papanastassiou (seated), a visiting doctor from the University Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, and Dr. Ellen Air (center), a visiting fellow, for patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point...The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD (right) confirms with Dr. Ellen Air, a visiting fellow, the depth of an electrode to be used for patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point...The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco Medical Center neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD (right) preps an electrode while Dr. Ellen Air (left), a visiting fellow, shows Dr. Alexander Papanastassiou, a visiting doctor from the University Texas Health Science Center San Antonio another electrode to be used for patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point...The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD we

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD (right) confirms with Dr. Ellen Air, a visiting fellow, the depth of an electrode to be used for patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point...The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development in the 1990s. In 2002 they began to think about how to perform DBS using this



  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - University of California San Francisco Medical Center neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD (right) writes the numbers needed to measure the electrodes to be used for patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point. Real time scans allow the doctors to see the precise trajectory for the electrodes. ..The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with this technology during its development

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - Measurements written on the instrument table by University of California San Francisco Medical Center neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD gives the precise measurements for the electrodes to be used for patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point. Real time scans allow the doctors to see the precise trajectory for the electrodes. ..The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were both involved with t

  • San Francisco, California, January 6, 2011 - From left, University of California San Francisco Medical Center neurologist Dr. Philip Starr MD, PhD (right) and visiting fellow, Dr. Ellen Air, use SurgiVision SmartFrame(TM) Devices to guide electrodes into the brain of patient Linda Sharpe during an iMRI surgery at University of California San Francisco Medical Center while. The SmartFrame(TM) Devices are used as guides to insert the electrodes into the desired point of the brain. By using real time MRI scans of the brain, the surgeon can find the optimal trajectory for the electrodes ensuring the safest path while also precisely locating the precise point. Real time scans allow the doctors to see the precise trajectory for the electrodes. ..The MRI machine photographs the patient during the surgery allowing the doctors operating to view the procedure as well as support doctors and technicians to monitor from an outside room. The iMRI procedure uses Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used for over a decade to treat movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. DBS uses a pulse generator implanted in the chest, similar to a pacemaker, to deliver pulses to specific regions of the brain via a permanently implanted electrode. In the U.S., DBS is normally done while the patient is awake, because the surgeon needs to induce the symptoms (like the involuntary movements of Parkinson's) to know if he's in the right place, and if the patient is unconscious, the symptoms can't be induced. Many patients find it hard to tolerate. Their head is clamped in a frame, they're aware of their surroundings, and the surgeon is deliberately producing tremors and twitches while they lie there...Interventional MRI (or iMRI) allows surgeons to implant these electrodes while the patient is unconscious taking advantage of MR imaging in real time by performing procedures inside the scanner itself. Doctors Paul Larson MD, and Philip Starr MD, PhD were

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